https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system
An operating system (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer programs.
Time-sharing operating systems schedule tasks for efficient use of the system and may also include accounting software for cost allocation of processor time, mass storage, printing, and other resources.
For hardware functions such as input and output and memory allocation, the operating system acts as an intermediary between programs and the computer hardware,[1][2] although the application code is usually executed directly by the hardware and frequently makes system calls to an OS function or is interrupted by it. Operating systems are found on many devices that contain a computer – from cellular phones and video game consoles to web servers and supercomputers.
The dominant desktop operating system is Microsoft Windows with a market share of around 82.74%. macOS by Apple Inc. is in second place (13.23%), and the varieties of Linux are collectively in third place (1.57%).[3] In the mobile (smartphone and tablet combined) sector, use in 2017 is up to 70% of Google's Android[4] and according to third quarter 2016 data, Android on smartphones is dominant with 87.5 percent and a growth rate 10.3 percent per year, followed by Apple's iOS with 12.1 percent and a per year decrease in market share of 5.2 percent, while other operating systems amount to just 0.3 percent.[5]Linux distributions are dominant in the server and supercomputing sectors. Other specialized classes of operating systems, such as embedded and real-time systems, exist for many applications.
Links
See also
http://www.dmoz.org/Computers/Software/Operating_Systems/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Operating_systems
http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Category:Operating_systems
Subcategories
` ► Discontinued operating systems (4 C, 169 P)
► Operating systems by architecture (4 C, 5 P)
► Software by operating system (45 C)
``A
► Operating system advocacy (5 P)
`B
► Books on operating systems (1 C, 1 P)
``C
► Operating system criticisms (9 P)
``E
► Educational operating systems (18 P)
► Embedded operating systems (9 C, 112 P)
``F
► Floppy disk-based operating systems (52 P)
► Free software operating systems (10 C, 106 P)
``G
► Game console operating systems (13 P)
`J
► Just enough operating systems (2 P)
`L
Linux
► Lisp-based operating systems (3 P)
`M
► Mobile operating systems (12 C, 64 P)
`N
► Network operating systems (20 P)
BIOS
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Programming
Ada
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IBM
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Unix
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Android
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AtheOS
A-UX
BeOS
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Firefox OS
FreeBSD
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NeXT
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OpenBSD
OS X
OS-2
OS-400
OS-9
Palm OS
Pick
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PRIMOS
PURE
QNX
ReactOS
REAL-32
REBOL-IOS
RISC OS
RTEMS
RxDOS
Sailfish OS
SCO
Self
SkyOS
Solaris
Squeak
Syllable
Symbian
THEOS
ThreadX
TI-99 4A
TinyOS
Tizen
Tru64
TUNES
V2 OS
VMS
VSE
VSTa
VxWorks
Xinu
z-OS
z-VM
`O
► Operating system APIs (8 C, 14 P)
► Operating system comparisons (11 P)
► Operating system distributions bootable from read-only media (3 C, 117 P)
► Operating System people (5 C, 2 P)
``P
► Proprietary operating systems (18 C, 87 P)
``R
► Real-time operating systems (3 C, 101 P)
► Robot operating systems (5 P)
► ROM-based operating systems (5 P)
``S
► Supercomputer operating systems (15 P)
``T
► Time-sharing operating systems (1 C, 40 P)
`U
► Unix (12 C, 67 P)
`W
► Window-based operating systems (7 C, 7 P)
`Σ
► Operating system stubs (4 C, 213 P)
`Ω
► Wikipedia categories named after operating systems (41 C)
Pages
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` History of operating systems
Operating system
Comparison of operating systems
List of operating systems
Timeline of operating systems
Usage share of operating systems
`B
` Bare machine
`D
` Datacenter Operating System
Distributed operating system
`G
` Glossary of operating systems terms
Google Fuchsia
`J
` Just enough operating system
M
` MiCO IoT OS
Mobile operating system
MS-DOS 5 Beta
`N
` Network operating system
`Q
` Quaject
`R
` Real-time operating system
`S
` Supercomputer operating systems
`U
` Uhuru Mobile
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